Google Signs $4.3 Billion Nuclear Energy Deal With Constellation

Google has signed a $4.3 billion agreement with Constellation Energy to bring 890 megawatts of nuclear power capacity online through a 20-year power purchase agreement. The Google nuclear energy deal will support Google’s electricity needs as the company expands computing capacity for artificial intelligence operations.

Constellation Energy shares rose more than 12% following the announcement, while Alphabet shares were broadly flat. The new nuclear capacity will come from upgrades at 6 existing plants across Illinois, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.

Nuclear plant upgrades to add 890 megawatts

The Google nuclear energy deal covers upgrades to existing nuclear facilities rather than the construction of new reactors. Planned improvements include modernized turbines, steam generators, and digital control systems across the participating plants.

Constellation will use the revenue commitment from the agreement to invest in upgrades across 11 reactors. Google said the arrangement provides longer-term revenue visibility for the energy company while limiting additional electricity costs for customers associated with rising power demand.

The 890 megawatts covered by the 20-year agreement will add to Google’s electricity supply arrangements in the United States. The company and Constellation also agreed to a separate 15-year energy supply deal covering 2.7 gigawatts of additional power.

As part of the broader arrangement, Constellation will use Google’s Gemini Enterprise software for activities including site selection, outage management, and infrastructure protection.

The agreements add to Google’s investments in nuclear energy across the United States. The company has also invested in nuclear projects in Georgia, Iowa, and Tennessee as it expands its power procurement strategy.

Big tech expands nuclear power commitments

Google’s agreement adds to a series of nuclear energy deals involving major technology companies. Rising electricity requirements associated with artificial intelligence computing have increased the focus on nuclear power as a source of large volumes of electricity.

Amazon signed a nuclear power agreement with Constellation in January. Microsoft entered a 20-year agreement with Constellation in 2024 to source electricity from a previously shuttered reactor at Three Mile Island, with power expected to become available by 2028.

Meta has also signed a 20-year agreement to purchase nuclear power from plants operated by Vistra.

Technology companies are also investing in small modular reactors, which are designed to generate smaller amounts of electricity than conventional nuclear facilities. These reactors can produce megawatts of power, while larger nuclear facilities can provide more than 1 gigawatt.

A gigawatt can provide enough electricity to power nearly 800,000 homes, highlighting the scale of the electricity requirements involved in the current expansion of computing infrastructure.

For Google and Constellation, the latest Google nuclear energy deal combines a long-term electricity purchase commitment with upgrades to existing nuclear facilities. The additional 2.7 gigawatts covered by the separate agreement further expands the total power supply secured through their arrangements.